Grand Encampment

From Wyoming Tales and Trails

This page: John Fulkerson,The New Bohn Hotel and Mary A. Bohn, the Saratoga & Encampment Railway.



Big Horn Basin Black Hills Bone Wars Buffalo Cambria Casper Cattle Drives Centennial Cheyenne Chugwater Cody Custer Deadwood Stage Douglas Dubois Encampment Evanston Ft. Bridger Ft. Fetterman Ft. Laramie Ft. Russell Frontier Days Ghost Towns Gillette G. River F. V. Hayden Tom Horn Jackson Johnson County War Kemmerer Lander Laramie Lincoln Highway Lusk Meeteetse Medicine Bow N. Platte Valley Oil Camps Overland Stage Photos V Rawlins Rock Springs Rudefeha Mine Sheepherding Sheridan Sherman Shoshoni Superior Thermopolis USS Wyoming Wheatland Wild Bunch Yellowstone

Home
Table of Contents
About This Site

Walcott to Encampment Stage in front of Wolf Hotel, Saratoga, Wyo.

For discussion and photos of Saratoga and the Wolf Hotel, see N. Platte Valley. As noted on the bottom of the photo, the Scribner Stage Line ran from Walcott, via Saratoga, to Encampment. One of its more colorful drivers was John Jefferson "G-String Jack" Fulkerson (1860-1947) who arrived in Saratoga in 1902 from Pueblo where he had driven stages and freight wagons. When the railroad was under construction, he served as the stable boss for the grading contractor. Fulkerson apparently received his nick name from his skill at driving the 24-horse teams required to pull the giant freighters which brought the equipment and other gear into Encampment prior to the coming of the railroad.


"G-String Jack" Fulkerson driving an eight-horse jerk-line rig across the Saratoga Bridge, 1906.

A "G-string," more commonly referred to as a "jerk line," is used to guide or steer the front left horse or mule known as the "leader." The G-string or jerk line was connected to the outside bit ring of the leader's bridle. In this manner, the whole team would be guided to the left or the right by a steady pull or a succession of of jerks. The left horse or mule of the lead span would then be connected to the right lead horse or mule by a jockey stick (the stick in the photo beneath the leaders' heads) so that the right leader would be guided in the same direction as the left leader. Behind the lead team would be the "swings." Each pair of horses, a "span," in a team would be numbered; that is in a sixteen horse team, the second span would be the "fourteens," the team behind it the "twelves," and so forth back to the next-to-the last span known as the "pointers" and the last span known as the "wheelers." While the lead span steered the team, the pointers and the wheelers steered the lead wagon. Frequently, the driver or "skinner" rather than riding on the lead wagon, would, as is Fulkerson in the photo, ride the left wheel horse which would be saddled.

It has been speculated that the practice in the Americas of driving on the right-hand side of a highway was derived from early freighters riding or walking beside the left wheel horse. By walking or driving on the left side, the freighter could hold the jerk line, or in the case of oxen hold the bull whip, and operate the brake on the left side of the vehicle with his right hand. Keeping the wagons to the right-side of the road assisted in passing on-coming wagons. Thus, by the Civil War, it was the uniform practice in the United States, as opposed to our British cousins, to ride on the right-hand side of a road. Early motor cars in the United States had the steering wheel on the curb side, but were soon moved to the left side. In a sense, therefore, while barrelling down I-80, one is still guiding the left wheel horse.


Railroad Construction, 1907.

As previously noted the railroad arrived in 1908. For Discussion and additional photographs of the Saratoga & Encampment RailWay see Saratoga.


Railway Depot, Encampment, approx. 1930.

The depot depicted is a later depot which replaced the original which burned down in 1912.


Railway Depot, Encampment, approx. 1930.


Locomotive 101, Saratoga & Encampment Railway, undated.

Operational control of the railroad was assumed under a lease by the Union Pacific in 1921. the Union Pacific entered into the lease since it was not sure that the railroad was financially viable. Formal ownership was assumed by the Union Pacific in 1928.


The Walcott, Saratoga and Encampment Stage in front of the New Bohn Hotel, 1907

At the time, there were two hotels in town, Mrs. A. B. Kinsella's Copper State Hotel and the New Bohn. The New Bohn hotel was operated by Miss Mary A. Bohn. Miss Bohn came to Encampment from Cripple Creek where she had operated the Bohn House restuarant. In Encampment, Mrs Bohn initially operated a small hotel and restauant the Bohn Hotel on Freeman Street. In 1901, she constructed the "New Bohn Hotel. The old Bohn Hotel became the Plummer Cafe and much later it housed the Echo newspaper.


Another view of the Walcott, Saratoga and Encampment Stage in front of the New Bohn Hotel, approx. 1902.

The small building to the left of the hotel is Davis & Ashley real estate and insurance agents. H. D. Ashley was a city councilman.

The New Bohn featured steam heat and electric lights and advertised a bar and billards. In the bar she served the "famous Goodhart-Hartman Company's" pure rye. She served as Worthy Matron of the Encampment chapter of the Order of the Eastern Star. On April 10, 1920, Miss Bohn was installed as part of the initial class of members of the Rebekahs, a part of the Odd Fellows. In early May, Miss Bohn commenced the annual spring cleaning of the hotel but on May 13, the Enchampment Echo reported that she was on the sick list. Two week later, after apparent improvement, she died from "typhoid-pneumonia."

The funeral service, the largest ever held up to that time in Encampment, was conducted in the Town Hall by the Eastern Star. Wreaths were provided by the Eastern Star, the Masonic Lodge, the Rebekahs and the Odd Fellows. As a part of the service, Carleton Ashley sang Miss Bohn's favorite hymn, "Beatiful Isle of Somewhere." In 1911, Carl sang at New York's Carnegie Hall. The hymn had become popular as a result of Harold Jarvis' 1909 Victor Talking Machine Company recording, played as the background for this page. Miss Bohn's brother H. O. Bohn took her body back to Warm Springs, Montana, where she was interred. In 1927, Jack Fulkerson purchased the hotel.


Livery Barn, Encampment approx. 1910.

The principal livery barn was that of J. G. Rankin on Rankin Avenue. The tower in the background is the fire bell on the Town Hall. The "Tom Keene" sign on the building advertises a cheap cigar. At the time a box of 50 Tom Keenes would sell for as little as $1.49. Eight cigars could go for as little as 8 for twenty-five cents. It has been speculated that "B" western movie cowboy George Duryea adopted the name Tom Keene after the cigar.


Walcott, Saratoga and Encampment Stage.

Today, the slightly less than 50 miles trip from Walcott to Encampment may take less than an hour with slight pauses for Saratoga and Riverside. On the stage, the trip took from 7:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. with a lunch stop at Saratoga. The stage, according to Winter, was facitiously referred to as the "Overland Limited," except when late when it was referred to as the "Overdue Limited." At approximately noon the stage came to Saratoga and would cross the Platte which then ran east and parallel to the wagon road over which the stage travelled. Beyond the river lay the Medicine Bows. Various mountains came into view. Most impressive was one referred to by Winter as "Old Baldy, so called because of his head, which was made up of white marble or granite and rose high and bare above the timber line. Snow would give it a shining appearance and was thus, according to Winter, referred to by early ranchers as "Gloss Mountain." Later promoters interested in selling stock in mining and railroad opportunities renamed it "Gold Hill." It was originally going to be a destination of the Laramie, Hahns Peak and Pacific.

After leaving Saratoga, the Sierra Madres came into view. The stage passed Pass Creek, Spring Creek and Cow Creek. On distant slopes, great flocks of sheep could be observed. After Encampment faded and failed, Walcott became for a brief time a center for sheep. Finally, the stage rumbled into Encampment with the driver making a show of it. As Willis Emerson in his Treasure of Hidden Valley observed:

If it is the invariable habit of stage drivers at the point of departure to start off their horses in a full swinging gallop, it is an equally inviolable rule, when they approach the point of arrival, that they come in with a whoop and a hooray. These laws are just as immutable as ringing the bell or blowing the locomotive whistle when leaving or nearing a station.


Walcott, Saratoga and Encampment Stage.

Music this page:

BEAUTIFUL ISLE OF SOMEWHERE
Composer, Jessie B. Pounds
Lyrics, John Sylvester Fearis
As sung by Harold Jarvis for the
Victor Talking Machine Company, 1909

Somewhere the sun is shining,
Somewhere the songbirds dwell;
Hush, then, thy sad repining,
God lives, and all is well.

Refrain

Somewhere, somewhere,
Beautiful Isle of Somewhere!
Land of the true, where we live anew,
Beautiful Isle of Somewhere!

Somewhere the day is longer,
Somewhere the task is done;
Somewhere the heart is stronger,
Somewhere the guerdon won.

Refrain

Somewhere the load is lifted,
Close by an open door;
Somewhere the clouds are rifted,
Somewhere the angels sing.

Refrain

Next page, Encampment continued.