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Land Sale, Gillette, 1919

In 1909, the Homestead Act was amended to provide that one might claim 320 acres of land for dry farming. Three years later, the time the property had to be homesteaded was reduced from five years to three. Thus, in Montana and Wyoming there was a rush of homesteaders to claim homesteads.

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Jay U. Clark Homestead, Crook County, approx. 1912.

Some homesteads continued through multiple generations until changes in economic use of the land made the homesteads more valuable for other purposes.


Oscar Seth Leonox homestead, east of Gillette, approx. 1912.

In the 1970's some of the small ranches and farms in Campbell County that had survived through drought and depression became parts of coal reserves. Such was the homestead depicted in the next photo. The particular homestead lasted for three generations until sold for its coal.


Abandoned barn, south of Gillette.

Along the northern border of Wyoming in Crook and Campbell Counties and across the border in Montana's Powder River and Carter Counies, the honyockers (see Dry farming) came to settle on the short grass prairie. Towns arose and with the drought that came in the late 1920's, faded and died. In extreme Northeast Campbell County and Northwest Crook County on the state line, two such towns arose, Rockypoint and Lightning Flat. And across the border in Carter County, Mondtana, the town of Ridge arose and then faded.


Community Hall, Lightning Flat, Wyoming, 1923.

Attention of late has come to Lightning Flat as a result of its being mentioned in Brokeback Mountain as being the boyhood home of one of the principle characters, Jack Twist. The author, Annie Proulx, never visited Lighning Flat and, instead, the location was mentioned because of its remoteness.

Office of the Lighning Flat Flash newspaper, Lightning Flat, Wyoming, 1923

Lightning Flat was located in an area of short grass prairie, northwest of Devil's Tower. The town was about eight miles northeast of Rockypoint and a five miles south of Ridge, Montana, near the headwaters of the Gammon Prong of the Little Missouri and the aptly named Prickly Pear Creek. Both are intermittent water courses. Nearby is the Scott Reservoir, itself short of water for good parts of the year. The reservoir is named after early homesteaders who settled immediately south of the Montana state line. To the west is a line of low lying hills marking the divide between the Belle Forche and Powder River. The Belle Forche, itself, is regarded as the western boundary of the Black Hills. Prior to homesteading, the area was a part of the customary range for a number of cattle companies including the Standard Cattle Company owner of the 101. The Standard Cattle Company, however, was in a sense migratory, It first was located in Texas and was established in Wyoming and Montana in 1888 when 3-4,000 cattle were trailed to Crook County. Later, the Wyoming unit was used only as a calf ranch and two year cattle were fattened in Montana. At the turn of the century, the main headquarters was moved to Nebaska and it became essentially an early feed-lot operation boasting a barn that would house three thousand head at a time, fed in part on sugar beets. Thus, northeast Crook County was opened for homesteading.

Besides, the Scotts who had numerous claims along the northern part of Crook County, Paul Yeoman came and started a weekly newspaper, the Ligtning Flat Flash, engaged in the freighting business and was a land commissioner. E. W. Lau and had one of the few steam traction engines in the area. Margaret Cooper had a store. Leon Alderman sold groceries. Gasohol could be obtained from the WMAX Fair Price service pump in front of the store. Ethel Yeoman was postmaster. Stage service to Rockypoint eight miles to the south was available on Wednesdays and Saturdays. A roundtrip took all day.

Times turned tough. Dry farming on short grass prairie is a risky business at the best. Across the border in Carter County, the homesteaders attempted to eliminate the sage by hoeing it up in the winter when the ground was frozen. Population in Carter County is today one-third of that at the height of the homesteading craze. In the 1920's, the Scott name began appearing in the deliguent tax lists published in the Sundance Times, ultimately to appear in lands to be sold for taxes. In 1927, the Flash discontinued publication.

The Flash was typical of many rural weekly newspapers. It was more like a neighborhood newsletter which kept loneliness on the prarie hopefully at a minium. It covered the comings and goings of neighbors in Lightning Flat, Ridge, and Swartz Divide. Front page news from the January 13, 1922, issue of the Flash was typical:

Swartz Divide
Eddie Driskill and family, Bob Byrd and family, and Nels Davis and family took New Years dinner with Pearl McCutcau's folks.
Bill Michael had some fresh beef on the Alva market last week.
Steve Nevil and Lucye Jay were married last week. Their many friends welcomed them home with the usual noise on such occasions. The Celvin hall was opened and the young folks enjoyed a nice dance. Oyster supper was served at Ben Mahoney's. Everone joins in wishing the young peoople a happpy married. life.
We are getting plenty of snow just now and are pretty sure to have plenty the rest of the winter. About sixteen inches of it with a crust on top. No more do we hear the honk, honk, of the auto.
Everyone is pretty busy these days feeding their stock and getting firewood.
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Local
A party of freinds gathered at the Bill Jensen home Saturday and spent the evening at dancing.
Mrs. Ira Cadwell had the end of one of her fingers torn off by a food chopper last Saturday.
A party conisting of over twenty young folks from this locality have planned to attend a dance over on Bell creek tonight.
George Jones was attending to business at Lightning Flat Wednesday. He reports the family recovered from a serious attack of scarletina.
Raymond Kraft spent a part of the day at the Alex Scott home Sunday.
Henry Borchgrevink, accompanied by daughter Susie and son Hans, attended to business at Lightning Flat Monday.
Your depots are guaranteed in the Butte County Bank. Their advertisement will interest you.

In 1936, Mrs. Yeoman rsigned as postmaster and was succeeded by Grace Scott. In the same year, the grocery store, which had opened in 1922, closed and its stock of goods was sold to a store in Ridge. The building was finally torn down in 1944. The grasshoppers came. Grace's term was short. In 1937, the post office closed and mail had to be picked up at Rockypoint or Ridge. The town was essentially dead.


Abandoned house, Lightning Flat, Wyoming. Photo courtesy FindingBrokeback.com.

Today, one may venture along the Rockypoint-Ridge Road, a graded road first heading east, then north, then east, and yet again north, and then east again, following section and quarter section lines and passing abandoned homesteads until a small sign announces the Montana state line. No sign, no ruin, indicates the former site of Lightning Flat.


Montana boundary, Lightning Flat, Wyoming. Photo courtesy FindingBrokeback.com.

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